Behavioral determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in schoolchildren. A perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32870/jbf.v4i7.53Keywords:
Eating behavior, nutrition education, healthy eating, determinats of healthAbstract
Low fruit and vegetable consumption is a global concern. Several studies have carried out behavioral interventions to improve it. Furthermore, according to the health determinants model, behaviors are considered intermediate determinants because their expression affects the prevention or appearance of diseases. The importance of these determinants justified a perspective analysis of a set of behaviors that can favor the consumption of fruits and vegetables among schoolchildren. In this analysis, behavioral determinants were identified as behaviors that correspond to the individual, such as cooking, growing or sowing food, performing physical activity; and behaviors that depend on the environment, such as some practices of parents and caregivers when offering food to children, the practice of breastfeeding and the selection of food in the school restaurant. Among the results, it is worth highlighting some elements that could influence the success of interventions that used behavioral determinants to increase the intake of fruits and vegetables: all the studies that included physical activity plus food and nutritional education achieved increases in fruit and vegetable intake in schoolchildren. Planned behavioral strategies may be more effective when these are planned and executed directly by schoolchildren. Breastfeeding favors the intake of vegetables and fruits during childhood. Repeated exposure to foods may favor preference for the foods presented, but not necessarily their intake; the number of exposures is a crucial aspect to consider. Planting and gardening activities may be more effective if accompanied by food and nutritional education activities. More research is necessary to expand the information on the use of these determinants to modify eating behavior.
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