Uso de pantalla y duración de sueño en estudiantes universitarios
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https://doi.org/10.32870/jbf.v3i5.37Palabras clave:
tiempo en pantalla, duración del sueño, universitariosResumen
El uso nocturno de pantallas electrónicas se ha asociado con una disminución en el tiempo total del sueño y alteraciones en el ritmo circadiano, así como el desempeño académico. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el uso de pantalla y la duración de sueño en estudiantes universitarios. La investigación fue descriptiva, observacional y de corte transversal, la población de estudio fueron estudiantes de nivel licenciatura del Centro Universitario del Sur de la Universidad de Guadalajara, México, obteniendo un total 220 participantes. Se realizaron preguntas relacionadas con la duración de uso de pantalla, si se contaba o no con televisión en la habitación o se usaban pantallas electrónicas antes de dormir y se aplicó el cuestionario de perfiles de conductas crononutricionales. Se observó que la media de horas de sueño fue mayor en días de descanso típico o fin de semana (DT/FS) que en días de trabajo típico o entre semana (TT/ES), asimismo hay una tendencia a dormir y despertar más tarde en DT/FS que en TT/ES tanto en hombres como en mujeres. Alrededor de un tercio de la población tuvo un jetlag social de más de dos horas, con una mayor proporción en hombres (38.55%) que en mujeres (30.3%); la media de horas de uso de pantallas electrónicas por día fue de 6.15 ± 3.00 h. Se identificó que el 56.74% de los universitarios utilizaban entre 5 y 10 h algún tipo de pantalla y se encontró que el 40.47% no contaban con televisor en la habitación. Esta información puede ser útil para generar políticas de salud pública y educativas considerando el rol de la duración del sueño, el uso de pantallas y el jetlag social en intervenciones que previenen la obesidad y promuevan la salud pública.
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