Técnicas surgidas de las teorías del aprendizaje para el tratamiento de sobrepeso y obesidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32870/jbf.v4i7.52Palabras clave:
Obesidad, Sobrepeso, Recuperación de respuesta, Tratamiento, TécnicasResumen
La investigación básica de los procesos del aprendizaje en modelos animales ha contribuido a conocer los mecanismos por los cuales una conducta es difícil de cambiar. En modelos animales, cuando una conducta se extingue y reaparece se le denomina recuperación de la respuesta. Estas respuestas están relacionadas a la dificultad que tienen las personas para dejar de consumir en exceso alimentos de alta densidad calórica. El consumo crónico de alimentos industrializados contribuye al aumento de peso. La incorporación de nuevas técnicas surgidas de la investigación básica en tratamientos contra el sobrepeso y obesidad ha abierto nuevas formas de realizar intervenciones basadas en los procesos del aprendizaje, las cuales tienen como base la exposición a las señales de comida y han demostrado ser eficaces para reducir los episodios de atracón, así como el consumo excesivo de alimentos palatables. Las nuevas técnicas se enfocan en reducir la probabilidad de que el sujeto recaiga en conductas de comer en exceso y aumentar la eficacia de las intervenciones a largo plazo. Es importante difundir cómo se han implementado estas técnicas y su contribución a incrementar las capacidades de los profesionales que realizan intervenciones dietéticas o que aplican tratamientos enfocados en el control de peso.
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